Case 1. Anyone ever failed a college exam I am anEconomics major and I failed my very first midterm last fall. Ifelt very disappointed in myself because prior to college， I hadnice grades without even studying. And an Economics majorfailing an Economics midterm was especially depressing. Ilearned a little more about studying efficiently. When thesecond midterm approached， I studied with a strong desire topass and certainly did better than last time. I even started tostudy days before the exam instead of the night before.
My first failed college exam is a constant reminder for meto not slack off， because I definitely dont want to fail again.
Case 2. Yes！ I have bombed exams before. The first examof a class is usually the lowest for me. Once I understand howa teacher tests， it becomes easier to study for. However， goodluck to you. One bad grade will not change your career. Studysmart！
Case 3. I failed my first class this year， and because it wasa part of a series， it put me back a ew classes. Im going to beretaking it this summer， but it was a lesson for me. Its not theend of the world， and it happens to more people than you maythink. Learn from it， and dont do it again.
你上大学有考试不及格的经历吗
案例1. 有人在大学里考试不及格吗？我是一名经济学专业的学生，去年秋季第一个期中考试，我就挂科了。我非常沮丧，因为上大学之前，我不用怎么学习都能获得好成绩。然而一个经济学专业的考经济学不及格是多么让人郁闷。我开始注意更加有效地学习。第二次期中考试之前，我努力学习，结果比上次考得好多了。我在考试前几天就开始复习而不是考试前夜临时抱佛脚。
第一次考试失败的经历常常提醒我学习不能懈怠，因为我不想再挂科了。
案例2. 是的！我曾经考试搞砸了。每门课程的第一次考试往往分数最低。但是一旦我知道老师如何出考试题，就得心应手了。祝你好运！一次的失败不会改变你一生。要聪明地学习！
案例3. 今年我第一次考试失败了，因为这是其他考试中的一部分，我得重新修这些课。我今年要重新考一次，但是我吸取了教训。这不是什么世界末日，很多人都有这样的经历。取得经验教训，从头再来。
Section 15 实验课
Doing the Experiment
国外大学无论理科生还是文科生，都有实验课，即lab，对于理科生是在实验室，做试验，对于文科生，指做调查，讨论，或对某项课题做实地考察。
口头应急句
1. Do you know about the general laboratory safety procedures？
你们了解实验室一般安全守则吗？
2. You must wear gloves and safety goggles when you doexperiments in the lab.
你们在实验室做试验必须戴上手套和护目镜。
3. No smoking in here.
这里不允许吸烟。
4. Sign your name on the lab record.
在试验记录本写上名字。
5. Before you leave， all the glassware must be washed andcleaned.
你们离开之前，所有的玻璃器皿要清洗。
6. I think my funnel is not working well.
我想我的漏斗不好用。
7. Haven't you read through the instructions？
你们还没阅读操作说明吗？
8. Did you learn something from the experiment？
你从试验中学到了什么了吗？
9. Write your own thoughts about the experiment as theconclusion.
写出自己的观点作为试验的结论。
10.Is the pressure incorrect？
压力不正常吗？
11.If you want to smell a substance， do not hold it directly to yournose.
如果你想闻一种材料的味道，不要直接放到鼻子去闻。
12.Could you hand over the tongs to me？
你能递烧瓶夹给我吗？
13.I failed my experiment.
我的试验失败了。
超经典情景对话链接
经典一
Professor： Good afternoon， everyone. This experiment is to start at 3o'clock. Have you gone through the instructions.
Serina： Yes， Sir.
Professor： Ok. Now， some points for attention. First of all， pay attention tosafety. Now， sign your name on the lab record. And after that you canstart. Is there any question just let me know.
Serina： Excuse me， Sir. This air compressor doesn't work.
Professor： Have you turned it on？
Serina： Yes， I have.
Professor： Ok， I'll give you another one.
Serina： Thank you.
Professor： Watch out！ It's dangerous. If you want to smell a substance， donot hold it directly to your nose. Instead， hold the container a few centimetersaway and use your hand to fan vapors toward you.
Serina： Like this？
Professor： Exactly， and you should write down the data on your notebook.
Serina： Ok. Thank you.
教授：大家下午好。试验从3点开始，你们看了操作说明了吗？
瑟琳娜：是的。
教授：好，现在注意。首先，注意安全。然后，在实验报告上填写名字。最后，就可以开始了，如果有问题请告诉我。
瑟琳娜：打扰一下，我的空气压缩机坏了。
教授：你打开电源了吗？
瑟琳娜：是的，打开了。
教授：好吧，我给你换一个。
瑟琳娜：谢谢！
教授：小心！危险！如果你要闻一个测试物品，不要直接放到鼻子去闻。将盛测试物品的容器距离鼻子几厘米，然后用手把空气轻轻扇到鼻子，来闻该物品的气味。
瑟琳娜：像这样吗？
教授：没错，你要在试验记录本上记下数据。
瑟琳娜：好的，谢谢。
要点提示：
go through 通读，查看 first of all 首先，第一
pay attention to 注意 excuse me 对不起；打扰一下
turn on 打开（设备） watch out 小心
write down 写下，记下 begin with 从……开始
once a day 每天一次，一天一次
经典二
Henry： Today we are going to do an experiment about Stoll Abrasion.
Robert： Ok. What should we begin with？
Henry： We should check the pressure first.
Robert： Is the pressure incorrect？
Henry： Yes. If the pressure is incorrect， the robber diaphragm should bereplaced. Check the rubber diaphragm once a day before test.
Robert： Ok， well， what is next？
Henry： The test must be conducted under normal room temperature.
Robert： Now， it is 25 degree.
Henry： Good. Look， the specimen doesn't allow any folds and deformityon it.
Robert： Uh， let's attach the abrasion paper properly to the abrading plate.
Henry： Alright， and I reset the counter to zero.
Robert： Ready Let's start it.
亨利：今天我们要做一个测试摩擦的试验。
罗伯特：好。从哪开始呢？
罗伯特：我们首先检查压力。
亨利：压力不正常？
罗伯特：嗯，如果压力不正常，要更换橡胶膜。每天必须检查一次橡胶膜，然后才开始试验。
亨利：好，然后呢？
罗伯特：试验要在正常的室温下进行。
亨利：现在是25摄氏度。
罗伯特：好，看，试验样品不能有皱纹与变形。
亨利：嗯，我们把砂纸和摩擦板贴合好吧。
罗伯特：好，我把读数表重置到零。
亨利：准备好了吗？开始吧。
词汇补给站
instruction [?n'str?k?n] n. 说明；操作指南
record ['rek?：d] n. 记录，记载
compressor [k?m?pres?(r)] n. 压气机，压缩机
dangerous [?de?nd??r?s] adj. 危险的
substance ['s?bst?ns] n. 物质，材料
centimeter ['sent??mi：t?] n. 厘米
vapor ['ve?p?] n. 水汽，水蒸气
data ['de?t?] n. 资料；数据
abrasion [?'bre??n] n. 磨损；摩擦
pressure [?pre??] n. 压力；气压
incorrect [??nk??rekt] adj. 错误的；不正确的
diaphragm [?da??fr?m] n. 隔板；隔膜
conduct [k?n'd?kt] v. 实施；执行
deformity [d?'f?：m?t?] n. 畸形；变形
temperature [?tempr?t??(r)] n. 气温，温度
specimen ['spes?m?n] n. 样品；试样
abrade [?'bre?d] v. 摩擦；磨光
点滴文化情
Designing Experiments Using the Scientific MethodHow do the scientists know what they know When itcomes to gathering information， scientists usually rely on thescientific method.
1. Hypothetically speaking
When preparing to do research， a scientist must form ahypothesis， which is an educated guess about a particularproblem or idea， and then work to support it and prove that itis correct， or refute it and prove that it is wrong.
