11.Media Coverage of Africa：A New Agenda.Paper presented to conference，Reporting Africa：Return to the Agenda.Spio-Garbrah，1998.Cardiff，Wales，22-24 November.
12.Africa in International Media.By Tina van der Heyden.http：//journ.ru.ac.za/amd/int.htm.
13.Media coverage of the developing world：audience understanding and interest.By Glasgow Media Group.http：//www.gla.ac.uk/Acad/Sociology/units/media/debate.htm.
14.Reflecting the real world：How British TV portrayed developing countries in 2005？http：//www.vso.org.uk/news/pressreleases/reflecting_the_real_world.asp.
15.African statesmen：Western media should look at continent’s bright side.By Tim Stoddard.http：//www.bu.edu/bridge/archive/2005/04-22/masire.html.
16.Africa：Tell Your Tales！By Josephat Juma，African Executive Writer.http：//www.africanexecutive.com/modules/magazine/articles.php？article=647.
17.The Live Aid Legacy：The developing world through British eyes–A research report.http：//www.vso.org.uk/news/pressreleases/liveaid_legacy.asp.
18.Media and the New Partnership for African Development：which way for the African media？http：//www.africafiles.org/article.asp？ID=12316＆ThisURL=＆URLName.
19.Behind the image：Poverty and“development pornography”.By Rotimi Sankore.http：//www.pambazuka.org/en/category//27815.
20.Africa in the Western Media.By Rod Chavis.http：//www.africa.upenn.edu/Workshop/chavis98.html.
21.Post-NWICO debate：Image of Africa in the Western Media.By Tokunbo Ojo.http：//web.mit.edu/cms/Events/mit2/Abstracts/TOjo.pdf.托昆博·奥游在2002年5月美国麻省理工学院主办的第二届“嬗变中的媒介：全球化与聚合”（Media in Transition 2：globalization and convergence）论坛上提交的论文。
22.The African Paradigm：The Coverage of the Zimbabwean Crisis in the Norwegian Media.By Nkosi Ndlela.University College of Hedmark，Norway.http：//www.wmin.ac.uk/mad/pdf/zim_art5.pdf.
23.Address at the SANEF Conference on the Media，the AU，NEPAD and Democracy.12 April 2003.http：//www.dfa.gov.za/docs/speeches/2003/mbek0412.htm.
24.Western Media and Africa：Balanced Reporting？——Negative news dominates African coverage.http：//english.ohmynews.com/ArticleView/article_view.asp？menu=＆no=299914＆rel_no=1＆back_url.
25.Images of Africa：Stereotypes and distortions.http：//worldviews.igc.org/awpguide/images.html.
26.Africa at large：Media challenged to correct negative image of Africa.http：//www.afrika.no/Detailed/9873.html.
27.Africa’s road to a better media image：Western stereotypes，Africa’s own weaknesses tackled in lively debate.By Salim Lone in Cardiff，UK.http：//www0.un.org/ecosocdev/geninfo/afrec/vol12no3/media.htm.
28.Media on the Somalia Intervention.By Jim Naureckas(1993).http：//www.fair.org/index.php？page=1211.
29.World’s Worst Disasters Overlooked：Survey identifies biggest“forgotten”crises.By Carole J.L.Collins(2005).http：//www.fair.org/index.php？page=2537.
30.Who will define Africa？http：//www.sudafrica.it/lettere％20dal％20presidente/11％20agosto.doc.
31.Out of Africa：Western Media Stereotypes Shape Images.By Ezekiel Makunike.http：//www.medialit.org/reading_room/article108.html.
32.How are African States，especially sub-Saharan States，portrayed by the Western community？29 June 2005.http：//www.africafiles.org/article.asp？ID=9277.
33.The Western Media and Africa：Issues of Information and images.Interstate Online，Biney，5 March 1999.
34.Live 8：Corporate Media Bonanza——Disinformation Campaign and Public Relations Stunt on behalf of the G8.by Michel Chossudovsky，2005.http：//www.globalresearch.ca/index.php？context=viewArticle＆code=CHO20050705＆articleId=641.
35.Images of Africa in the Western Media.http：//www.tc.umn.edu/～rbeach/teachingmedia/student_units/module5/images_of_africa_michira.pdf.
36.New research shows lowest ever levels of TV coverage of developing countries(5 July 2004).http：//www.vso.org.uk/news/pressreleases/tv_coverage.asp.
主要参考网站
1.中国社科院西亚非洲研究所：http：//iwaas.cass.cn
2.新华网：http：//www.xinhuanet.com
3.中非合作论坛北京峰会暨第三届部长级会议官方网站：http：//www.focacsummit.org/c_index.htm
4.中国评论新闻网：http：//gb.chinareviewnews.com
5.《纽约时报》：http：//www.nytimes.com
6.《华盛顿邮报》：http：//www.washingtonpost.com
7.《金融时报》中文网：http：//www.ftchinese.com/sc/index.jsp
8.英国《独立报》：http：//www.independent.com
9.英国《经济学家》：http：//www.economist.com/index.html
10.全非洲新闻网：http：//allafrica.com
11.泛非通讯社：http：//www.panapress.com
12.非洲资料网：http：//www.africafiles.org/index.asp
13.跨非洲论坛：http：//www.transafricaforum.org
14.加拿大全球化研究中心：http：//www.globalresearch.ca
15.挪威非洲协会：http：//www.afrika.no
16.公正、公平组织：http：//www.fair.org
17.英国志愿者服务组织：http：//www.vso.org.uk
18.路透社警示网：http：//www.alertnet.org
19.《新国际主义者》杂志：http：//www.newint.org
20.国际新闻学会：http：//www.freemedia.at/cms/ipi
21.世界银行：http：//www.worldbank.org
22.国际货币基金组织：www.imf.org
